Most breast changes are not cancer. But any new change deserves a check, and finding breast cancer early gives you the best chance of simple, successful treatment.
October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in Pakistan, and too many women reach a doctor late, often because of fear, shyness or the thought that it is probably nothing.
If you have ever put off a check for those reasons, you are not alone. This guide is for you.
Know the signsWhat to look for
Changes to watch for in your breasts and underarms:
Pain alone is rarely the first sign of breast cancer, but pain that does not settle should be checked.
Once a monthGet to know your breasts
The aim is simple: to learn what is normal for you, so that you notice quickly when something changes.
- Look in a mirrorStand with your arms down at your sides, then raise them above your head. Check for changes in shape, size or skin.
- Feel with your fingertipsUse the pads of three fingers and make small circles. Cover the whole breast, the underarm and the area up to the collarbone.
- Repeat lying down and in the showerYour breast feels different in each position, so check in all three.
- Make it a monthly habitChoose a few days after your period ends. After menopause, pick a fixed date each month.
This habit does not replace a doctor's examination or screening. It helps you notice, and your doctor helps you understand.
Checks that helpScreening and risk
Screening means checking for breast cancer before you have any symptoms. Your doctor advises what suits your age and history.
Clinical breast examination
A doctor examines your breasts and underarms by hand, in a private and respectful setting.
Ultrasound
Often used for younger women, or to take a closer look at a lump that has been found.
Mammography
A breast X-ray used for screening. It is generally advised from around age 40 to 50 depending on the guidelines followed and your personal risk, and earlier if you have a family history. Your doctor can advise when and where to have it done.
Higher risk
- A close relative with breast or ovarian cancer
- A known BRCA gene change
- Earlier radiation treatment to the chest
Things that can lower risk
- Breastfeeding
- Regular physical activity
- A healthy weight
- Limiting alcohol
- Avoiding tobacco
Straight answersMyths and facts
“A lump means cancer.”
FactMost breast lumps are harmless, but every new lump must be checked by a doctor.
“Only women with a family history get it.”
FactMost women who develop breast cancer have no family history of it.
“Tests or biopsies make cancer spread.”
FactThey do not. Tests are how a doctor finds out what is happening, so the right treatment can start early.
“It only affects older women.”
FactRisk rises with age, but younger women can be affected too.
Your next stepFound a change? What to do next
Do not panic, and do not wait. Book an examination within a couple of weeks. The doctor will examine you and, if needed, advise an ultrasound or further tests, and will guide you to the right place if something beyond SMHC is required.
Book a breast screening or consultation
A private, respectful consultation with our female gynecologist, Dr. Madiha Saqib, with female staff by your side.
This is general health information. It is not a diagnosis and not a substitute for a doctor's advice. If you have symptoms, please see a doctor.